老年高血压患者脉压与急性心肌梗塞的关系

目的探讨老年原发性高血压（ET）患者脉压与急性心肌梗塞（AMI）的关系。方法观测45例老年高血压病合并急性心肌梗塞患者的收缩压（SBP）、舒张压（DBP）及脉压（PP），以31例老年单纯高血压患者（冠脉造影排除冠心病）作对照组，进行比较。结果并发急性心肌梗塞组，其脉压较单纯高血压组明显增高。结论脉压与老年人急性心肌梗塞密切相关，对老年人高血压的治疗更要注重控制脉压。     

电针对围绝经期综合征患者Kupperman评分的效应

目的观察电针对围绝经期综合征患者Kupperman评分的效应并分析其可能的作用途径。方法将110例患者随机分为关元组（关元、三阴交）、内关组（内关、足三里）,观察治疗前后Kupperman指数（MI）,分析电针效应及其对各项症状的影响。结果电针治疗1星期后两组MI即较初始下降,并随治疗时间的延长逐周递减,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）;电针能显著降低Kupperman指数（P〈0.01）,4星期后关元组评分下降52.6%,内关组下降47.4%,有效率分别为93.6%、85.7%;电针能明显改善围绝经期综合征各类症状（P〈0.05）,各项症状的起效时间从治疗后1星期至4星期不等。但两组间差异不明显（P〉0.05）。结论电针两组精简穴位均能明显降低Kupperman评分,改善围绝经期综合征各类临床症状。     

温阳活血方防治急性冠脉综合征临床研究

目的研究温阳活血法对急性冠脉综合征患者临床症状、炎症反应、纤溶系统及血管内皮细胞功能等相关指标的影响。方法将急性冠脉综合征患者80例随机分为治疗组和对照组（各40例）,2组均给予西药常规扩冠、降脂、抗血小板聚集等治疗,治疗组加用温阳活血方,观察患者治疗前后中医证候、心绞痛疗效及血栓素B2（TXB2）、6-酮-前列腺素（6-K-PGF）、组织纤溶酶原激活物（tPA）、白细胞介素-2（IL-2）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、纤溶酶原激活物抑制物（PAI）等指标变化。结果治疗组与对照组心绞痛总有效率分别为80%、65%（P〈0.05）;治疗组及对照组中医证候总有效率分别为82.5%、62.5%（P〈0.05）;治疗组治疗后6-K-PGF、tPA等显著升高（P〈0.05,P〈0.05）;IL-6、IL-2、PAI、TXB2等均显著降低（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）。结论对急性冠脉综合征患者应用温阳活血方治疗可明显改善临床症状、调节纤溶系统及血管内皮细胞功能、降低炎症反应。     

AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CHOLELITHIASIS IN SHANGHAI

Objective To obtain a general overview of gallstone disease in Shanghai. Methods 3415citizens aged >20 in the community of Shanghai were randomly selected to undergo a clinical epidemiological study and an ultrasound examination to screen for cholelithiasis. Results Overall prevalence rate of gallstones was 6.5% (8.6% in women and 5.1% in men). Among the 3415 persons investigated, 65 had already undergone cholecystectomy. The percentage of asymptomatic gallstone was 70 .5% . Prevalence of gallstone diseases (gallstones plus cholecystectomy) increased with age significantly. Conclusion Compared to the research in Shanghai ten years ago, especially for the persons older than 50 years, the gallstone disease has become more frequent. The proportion of asymptomatic gallstones and the awareness is increasing.     

163例ECMO治疗患者医院感染情况及其危险因素

 目的 了解接受体外膜肺氧合（ECMO）支持治疗患者术后相关医院感染情况及其危险因素。方法 回顾性收集某院2013年1月—2019年12月应用ECMO支持治疗患者的病历资料,统计、分析ECMO术后医院感染情况及其危险因素。结果 163例ECMO支持治疗患者中,39例发生ECMO术后医院感染,感染发病率为23.93%。以下呼吸道感染（38例次,59.38%）为主,其次是血流感染（9例次,14.06%）、消化系统感染（6例次,9.37%）。检出病原体95株,其中革兰阴性杆菌74株（77.89%）,真菌20株（21.06%）,革兰阳性球菌1株（1.05%）;主要分离自痰标本（73株,76.84%）,其次为血标本（11株,11.58%）、尿标本（4株,4.21%）。ECMO支持治疗患者术后发生医院感染者与未发生感染者的住院日数、抗菌药物使用日数、呼吸机使用日数、导尿管置管日数及中心静脉置管日数比较,差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.001）。结论 ECMO支持治疗患者医院感染发病率较高,临床医务人员应针对其危险因素采取有效防控措施,以减少相关医院感染的发生。     

江湾地区婴儿体格发育分析

目的了解和掌握江湾地区婴儿体格发育状况。方法对江湾地区１９９６年１月～１９９７年９月出生的２１７名婴儿（男１１４名,女１０３名）体重、身长进行系统监测至１２个月,其实际测量均值与ＷＨＯ国际参照值作比较。结果江湾地区婴儿（无论男女）体重、身长在各年龄组均达到或高于ＷＨＯ国际参照值。结论江湾地区婴儿体格发育状况良好。     

The protective effect of zeaxanthin on human limbal and conjunctival epithelial cells against UV-induced cell death and oxidative stress

AIM: To explore the protective effect of zeaxanthin on human limbal and conjunctival epithelial cells against UV-radiation and excessive oxidative stress. METHODS: Human limbal and conjunctival epithelial cells were isolated from cadaver and cultured in vitro. They were challenged with UVB radiation and H2O2 with and without zeaxanthin pretreatment. Cell viability, p38 and c-JUN NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation, IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 secretion and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were measured. RESULTS: Zeaxanthin had no measurable cytotoxicity on limbal or conjunctival epithelial cells when used at concentrations of 5 μg/mL and below. At 30 mJ/cm2 UVB, the pretreatment of zeaxanthin increased the percentage of live cells from 50% to 69% (P=0.01) and from 66% to 75% (P=0.05) for limbal and conjunctival epithelial cells, respectively. The concentrations of IL-6, IL-8 and MCP-1 in the culture medium reduced to 66% (for IL-6 and MCP-1) and 56% (for IL-8) of the levels without zeaxanthin. This was accompanied by reduced p38 and JNK protein phosphorylation. Pretreatment of zeaxanthin also reduced intracellular MDA content caused by H2O2 stimulation from 0.86 μmol/L to 0.52 μmol/L (P=0.02) in limbal epithelial cells and from 0.96 μmol/L to 0.56 μmol/L in conjunctival epithelial cells (P=0.03). However, zeaxanthin did not have significant effect on H2O2-induced cell death in limbal or conjunctival epithelial cells. CONCLUSION: Zeaxanthin is an effective reagent in reducing the detrimental effect of UV-radiation and oxidative stress on ocular surface epithelial cells.     

PDCA在输液室护理安全管理中的应用

目的为了提升输液室患者满意度,提高护理质量,将PDCA运用至输液室的护理安全管理中,探究其实施效果。方法选择2017年12月-2018年11月至该院门诊输液室来行输液的患者,共600例,分成对照组和观察组,每组300例。对照组采用治疗常规护理、观察组采用PDCA护理方式,对比两组的不良事件发生率及患者对护理的满意度。结果观察组(97.00%)比对照组不良事件发生率更低,但护理满意度更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在输液室护理管理中开展PDCA可规范输液室的工作规范,提升患者的满意度,降低不良事件发生率,有助于提高输液室的治疗效果。